Hydration

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1. INTRODUCTION TO HYDRATION
1.1. Water as a molecule
1.2. The importance of water for humans
1.3. The physiological role of water in the human body
1.4. Hydration balance
1.5. Main functions of water in the body
1.6. Sources of fluid: water, food, metabolic water
1.7. Recommended fluid intake

2. MECHANISMS OF HYDRATION AND DEHYDRATION
2.1 Fluid intake and losses in the body
2.2 Regulation of hydration status
2.3 Factors affecting hydration
2.3.1 Sex
2.3.2 Age
2.3.3 Environment and climate
2.3.4 Diet
2.3.5 Pregnancy and lactation
2.3.6 Physical activity
2.3.7 Medical conditions
2.4 Physiological response to dehydration
2.5 Consequences of inadequate hydration

3. HYDRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF DIETETIC COUNSELLING
3.1 The role of the dietitian in hydration
3.2 Assessment of hydration status
3.2.1 Practical indicators of hydration
3.2.2 Laboratory methods and instruments for hydration assessment
3.2.3 Variability of hydration indicators across populations
3.3 Strategies to improve hydration in different population groups
3.4 The importance of education and behavioural change
3.5 Implementation of guidelines and examples of good practice
3.6 Presentation of the EuHHAC tool

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