Content

Subject carrier

Description

Introduction:
• Definition of motor development
• The models of motor development
• The history of motor development research

Human growth and maturation:
• Prenatal development
• Life-span development of individual body systems, with an emphasis on nervous and musculoskeletal system
• The development of motor abilities (strength, flexibility, endurance, coordination)
• Changes in body composition

Motor development:
• Early motor development
o Reflex reactions in infants
o Important milestones in infant development
o The onset of postural control and balance development
• The development of locomotor movements
o Early voluntary movements (crawling)
o Walking
o Running
o Other locomotor movements
• The development of ballistic movements (throwing, kicking, punching)
• The development of manipulative movements (grasping, catching)

The development of sensory system and its role in motor control
• Vison development
• Hearing development
• Kinesthesia
• Postural control and balance
• Anticipatory reactions and postural reflex responses
• Open-loop and closed-loop mechanisms
• Other mechanisms of motor control

Limiting factors of motor development:
• Cultural and social limitations
• Psychological limitations

Motor learning
• Basic definitions and models
• Phases of motor learning
• Motor skill learning and motor transfer
• Approaches to motor learning
o The structure of training program
o Synthetic and analytical approach
o Feedback use
o Examples of good practice
• Comparison of cyclic and acyclic movements regarding motor learning and motor control

Aging and motor decline
• Decline of motor abilities in elderly
• Decline of motor skills in elderly
• Approached to motor competences preservation in elderly